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Encoding

An object or array can be encoded to become a JSON string: json_encode($m [,$i1=0 [,$i2=512]]).
$m can be an object, an array, scalar types or NULL. $i1 is a bitmask consisting of JSON_HEX_QUOT, 
JSON_HEX_TAG, JSON_HEX_AMP, JSON_HEX_APOS, JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT, 
JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE. $i2 is a positive integer representing the maximum depth.
The string representation of a JSON object may be in the form of an object, denoted by {}, or an array, denoted by []. Scalar values are encoded into the same, corresponding types.
<?php

$a = array('a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3, 'd' => 4, 'e' => 5);
echo json_encode($a),"<br/>";

$a = array('<cat>',"'dog'",'"cow"','&fish&', "\xc4\xa9");
echo json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_TAG | JSON_HEX_APOS | JSON_HEX_QUOT | JSON_HEX_AMP | JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE),"<br/>";

$a = array(array(1,2,3));
echo json_encode($a), "<br/>";
echo json_encode($a, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT), "<br/>";

$a = array("cat", "dog", "cow", "fish");
echo json_encode($a), "<br/>";

unset($a[0]);
echo json_encode($a), "<br/>";

class cl{
   public $v1=1;
   private $v2=2;
}
$a = new cl;
echo json_encode($a), "<br/>";

echo json_encode("abc"), "<br/>";
echo json_encode(3);
?>

{"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5}
["\u003Ccat\u003E","\u0027dog\u0027","\u0022cow\u0022","\u0026fish\u0026","ĩ"]
[[1,2,3]]
{"0":{"0":1,"1":2,"2":3}}
["cat","dog","cow","fish"]
{"1":"dog","2":"cow","3":"fish"}
{"v1":1}
"abc"
3