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Declaration
<!DOCTYPE> declares the version of HTML used. It must precede <html>. Use <!DOCTYPE html> for HTML 5.
<html>marks the start of an HTML document, which can be divided into the head and the body.
...... xmlns=uri: specifies the namespace if XHTML is to be conformed to. Although any string can be specified here, a URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) such as the default 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' is generally used. No connection will be made to the site. Its use is meant to prevent the clash of names in the child elements with those of other XML tags. As a side note, it is worthwhile to mention that an IRI (International Resource Identifier) differs from a URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) in that IRI supports international characters, whereas URI supports only ASCII encoding. A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is a type of URI that identifies its resource using the representation of its network access.