docker version reports the client and every server component:
docker versionClient: Docker Engine - Community Version: 29.8.1 ... Server: Docker Engine - Community Engine: Version: 29.8.1 API version: 1.56 (minimum version 1.40) ... containerd: Version: v2.3.5 ...
A missing Server: half with "permission denied" means your shell is not in the docker group yet; "Cannot connect to the Docker 514 daemon" means the service is down. docker info shows how the daemon is configured:
docker info... Storage Driver: overlayfs driver-type: io.containerd.snapshotter.v1 Logging Driver: json-file Cgroup Driver: systemd Cgroup Version: 2 ... Operating System: Ubuntu 26.04.1 LTS ... Live Restore Enabled: false
Check the storage driver (containerd 234,762 's snapshotter), the cgroup driver and version, and the logging driver: json-file never rotates by default, which daemon.json fixes. Problems appear as WARNING: lines at the end. Finally, hello-world exercises the whole chain:
docker run --rm hello-worldUnable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally latest: Pulling from library/hello-world ... Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest Hello from Docker! This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly. ...
The full message lists the chain from containerd and runc: client, daemon, pull, create, stream. --rm deletes the container; the image stays cached.