Multi-Stage and BuildKit

Multi-Stage Builds and BuildKit

BookNest Dockerfile's single-stage Dockerfile ships the image that built BookNest. A multi-stage build separates the two: earlier stages install and test, and the final stage copies in only their results. This section splits BookNest's Dockerfile into stages with a runnable test target, then uses BuildKit 10,294 's parallelism, cache mounts and build secrets.

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