The robust split gives every element to React 7,897 and uses D3 18,089 as pure functions: scales, generators and layouts return numbers and path strings that a component maps to <rect> and <path> elements, with scales built in useMemo. Where D3 must own DOM (d3-axis, d3-brush, d3-zoom), give it an empty <g ref={...}> and call it from useEffect. Animate with CSS rather than D3 transitions, which would mutate attributes React owns.
<!doctype html>
<style>
body { margin: 0; padding: 8px; background: #fafaf7; font: 11px system-ui, sans-serif; color: #263238; max-width: 600px; }
svg { width: 100%; display: block; background: #fff; }
pre { white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; font-size: 10px; background: #fff; padding: 6px; margin: 6px 0 0; }
</style>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/d3@7.9.0/dist/d3.min.js"></script>
<div id="chart"></div>
<p><button id="next">Next book</button> No d3.select() for the marks: a template function owns the DOM, as a React component would.</p>
<pre id="d"></pre>
<script>
// BookNest sample data, invented for these examples (not real sales)
const SALES = (() => {
const books = [
{ id: 1, key: 'harbor', title: 'The Quiet Harbor', author: 'Elena Marsh', genre: 'Fiction', color: '#1f5f8b', price: 18.99, rating: 4.6 },
{ id: 2, key: 'deepweb', title: 'Patterns of the Deep Web', author: 'Ravi Menon', genre: 'Technology', color: '#5b3f99', price: 39.5, rating: 4.3 },
{ id: 3, key: 'saffron', title: 'Salt and Saffron', author: 'Leila Haddad', genre: 'Cooking', color: '#e09a10', price: 24, rating: 4.8 },
{ id: 4, key: 'summit', title: 'Small Steps to Big Summits', author: 'Tom Okafor', genre: 'Self-Help', color: '#3f7d3a', price: 14.99, rating: 4.1 },
{ id: 5, key: 'clock', title: "The Clockmaker's Paradox", author: 'Iris Vale', genre: 'Science Fiction', color: '#b5452f', price: 16.2, rating: 4.5 },
{ id: 6, key: 'glass', title: 'Gardens in Glass', author: 'June Park', genre: 'Gardening', color: '#2a9d8f', price: 22.5, rating: 4.4 },
];
const units = { // units sold per month, January 2025 to August 2026
1: [40, 47, 46, 47, 57, 51, 46, 54, 60, 60, 71, 111, 52, 42, 49, 56, 59, 48, 53, 51],
2: [40, 37, 35, 41, 48, 43, 40, 42, 50, 53, 53, 84, 42, 35, 38, 41, 45, 41, 46, 46],
3: [46, 45, 41, 46, 53, 49, 46, 45, 60, 51, 63, 100, 48, 48, 49, 48, 53, 49, 48, 52],
4: [100, 80, 72, 70, 66, 66], // released March 2026
5: [48, 47, 54, 52, 65, 55, 57, 58, 64, 66, 75, 124, 58, 49, 59, 56, 63, 57, 54, 57],
6: [31, 30, 28, 35, 31, 32, 29, 30, 41, 36, 45, 64, 31, 30, 30, 38, 40, 38, 36, 38],
};
const months = d3.utcMonths(new Date('2025-01-01'), new Date('2026-09-01')).map(d3.utcFormat('%Y-%m'));
const sales = books.flatMap(b => units[b.id].map((n, i) =>
({ month: months[i + months.length - units[b.id].length], book: b.id, units: n })));
const ratings = [[4, 8, 20, 87, 293], [6, 10, 22, 95, 147], [2, 3, 8, 45, 342], [2, 3, 8, 24, 28],
[4, 8, 20, 90, 228], [4, 7, 20, 82, 147]].map((counts, i) => ({ book: i + 1, counts })); // 1 to 5 stars
const regions = [{ id: '826', name: 'United Kingdom', units: 1480 }, { id: '276', name: 'Germany', units: 1120 },
{ id: '250', name: 'France', units: 760 }, { id: '372', name: 'Ireland', units: 540 },
{ id: '528', name: 'Netherlands', units: 410 }, { id: '724', name: 'Spain', units: 320 }];
const links = [[5, 1, 38], [1, 3, 24], [2, 5, 18], [3, 6, 21], [4, 1, 12], [2, 6, 9], [4, 3, 15], [5, 6, 14]]
.map(([source, target, value]) => ({ source, target, value })); // customers who bought both
return { books, sales, ratings, regions, links };
})();
// prepareSales(raw): parsed dates, sales linked to book objects, revenue and totals
function prepareSales(raw) {
const parse = d3.utcParse('%Y-%m'), books = raw.books.map(b => ({ ...b }));
const byId = d3.index(books, b => b.id);
const sales = raw.sales.map(s => ({ date: parse(s.month), book: byId.get(s.book),
units: s.units, revenue: s.units * byId.get(s.book).price }));
for (const [book, rows] of d3.group(sales, s => s.book)) {
book.units = d3.sum(rows, s => s.units);
book.revenue = d3.sum(rows, s => s.revenue);
}
const months = d3.rollups(sales, v => ({ units: d3.sum(v, s => s.units),
revenue: d3.sum(v, s => s.revenue) }), s => +s.date).map(([t, v]) => ({ date: new Date(t), ...v }))
.sort((a, b) => a.date - b.date);
const ratings = raw.ratings.map(r => ({ ...r, book: byId.get(r.book) }));
return { ...raw, books, sales, months, ratings };
}
const { sales, books } = prepareSales(SALES);
const W = 600, H = 170;
// D3 computes: scales, a line and an area generator, all pure functions (like useMemo in a component)
const x = d3.scaleUtc(d3.extent(sales, d => d.date), [40, W - 10]);
const y = d3.scaleLinear([0, 130], [H - 20, 10]);
const line = d3.line(d => x(d.date), d => y(d.units)).curve(d3.curveMonotoneX);
const area = d3.area(d => x(d.date), H - 20, d => y(d.units)).curve(d3.curveMonotoneX);
// The "component": data in, markup out; React would return JSX here
function Chart({ book }) {
const rows = sales.filter(s => s.book === book);
return `<svg viewBox="0 0 ${W} ${H}">
${y.ticks(4).map(v => `<g transform="translate(0,${y(v)})"><line x1="40" x2="${W - 10}" stroke="#eceff1"/>
<text x="34" dy="0.32em" text-anchor="end">${v}</text></g>`).join('')}
${x.ticks(6).map(t => `<text x="${x(t)}" y="${H - 4}" text-anchor="middle">${d3.utcFormat('%b %y')(t)}</text>`).join('')}
<path d="${area(rows)}" fill="${book.color}" fill-opacity="0.15"/>
<path d="${line(rows)}" fill="none" stroke="${book.color}" stroke-width="2.5"/>
${rows.map(d => `<circle cx="${x(d.date)}" cy="${y(d.units)}" r="3" fill="${book.color}"><title>${d.units}</title></circle>`).join('')}
<text x="48" y="22" font-size="13" font-weight="bold" fill="${book.color}">${book.title}</text>
</svg>`;
}
let i = 0;
function render() {
const book = books[i % books.length];
document.getElementById('chart').innerHTML = Chart({ book }); // the view layer owns the elements
document.getElementById('d').textContent = `line(rows) → "${line(sales.filter(s => s.book === book)).slice(0, 160)}…"`;
}
document.getElementById('next').onclick = () => { i++; render(); };
render();
</script>