History and Versions

History and Versions: Twitter Blueprint to 5.3.8 and the 6.0 Alpha

Mark Otto (@mdo) and Jacob Thornton (@fat) started the project at Twitter in mid-2010 as Twitter Blueprint, a style guide that kept the company's internal tools consistent. It spread through the company during Twitter's first Hack Week, and it was open-sourced as Bootstrap 2,007 on Friday, August 19, 2011. Each major version since then has followed a shift in CSS itself: media queries, then mobile-first design, then flexbox, then custom properties.

Major Bootstrap releases
Version Released What changed
1.0 Aug 19, 2011 CSS toolkit written in Less 48,928
2.0 Jan 31, 2012 Optional responsive stylesheet, Glyphicons, jQuery 561 plugins
3.0 Aug 19, 2013 Mobile first by default, flat design
4.0 Jan 18, 2018 Rewritten in Sass 22,539 , flexbox grid, 16px base font
5.0 May 5, 2021 jQuery and Internet Explorer dropped, CSS variables, utility API
5.3.0 May 30, 2023 Color modes (dark mode) with data-bs-theme
5.3.8 Aug 26, 2025 Current stable release (bug fixes)
6.0.0-alpha1 In development ESM and TypeScript source, Floating UI, md: prefixes

Bootstrap 5.3.8 is still the latest version on npm 2,036 in September 2026, and the 5.3 documentation at getbootstrap.com is the one to follow. Old versions live on: W3Techs 13,241 finds version 5 on only about one in nine Bootstrap sites, so you will meet col-xs-*, panel and jQuery plugins when maintaining legacy code.

Bootstrap 6 is developed on the v6-dev branch of github.com/twbs/bootstrap (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap 174,933 ), whose package.json reads 6.0.0-alpha1. Mark Otto opened a public feedback discussion in February 2026 and a preview of the documentation is online, but as of mid-September 2026 no alpha has been tagged or published to npm. Do not start production work on it; Bootstrap 6 Preview previews its syntax and migration path.